Why do plants benefit from different wavelengths of light?

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The phytochrome, a light detector found in plants, regulates a variety of processes related to plant growth, such as seed germination, chlorophyll production, seedling elongation, leaf growth and movement, and blooming timing. It detects light at two different wavelengths: red light (660 nm), which activates it, and near-infrared (730 nm), which deactivates it. A plant employs phytochrome activity to calculate the duration of the day and then the season since red light prevails in strong sunlight and far red light predominates in shade.

MORE: How Do Different Spectra Affect Plant Growth?

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